The Political Nature Of Europe - 2056 Words

When King Leopold II of Belgium took the throne, he began looking for somewhere that the people of Belgium could colonize, not necessarily to live there, but to offer its economic support to the kingdom. However, the political nature of Europe meant that Belgium would need to look overseas for stability. Thus, Leopold sought a colony for Belgium in Africa, namely the Congo. Throughout the time that Leopold managed this colony, he used a variety of methods to try and convince this people that the imperializing of the Congo was a good thing and helpful to Belgium as well as needful for the people of the Congo. However, the realities of what truly happened in the Congo still leaked out for all to see. At the time that Leopold took the throne of Belgium, the country had only been free since 1830. It’s position in Europe left it vulnerable. Leopold knew from history that countries that expanded were more likely to be stable. For examples, he looked to Rome, Portugal, Spain, and Eng land. These countries all had colonies outside themselves that helped to support them. However, there was no place for Belgium to go in Europe. Europe was thoroughly claimed and trying to expand there would only bring more hardship on Belgium. As Leopold wrote in his diary, â€Å"We must raise the question of national expansion†¦Belgium will choose between the development, work, wealth, and power that brings security, or live †¦.at the mercy of foreign powers.† So, Leopold sought the continent of Africa.Show MoreRelatedEuropean Exploration : The Age Of Discovery1128 Words   |  5 Pagesknown as the Age of Discovery. During this time, Europe expanded to the Americas, Africa, and the Far East being the first orbit around the world. â€Å"Profound misconceptions about geography and the cultures of local populations would change very slowly throughout he early centuries of European exploration.† (The Saylor Foundation The European Voyages of Exploration: Intr oduction). Europeans had a hard time believing there was life outside of Europe before they explored. European nations reached outRead MoreThe Political Landscape Of France1367 Words   |  6 PagesThe political landscape in France had been shifting for a long time before the Enlightenment. The economic and military gains made by Louis XIV, the Sun King, ultimately crippled the country later when the Estates General failed to overthrow the French government democratically and peacefully. Two great thinkers, Baron de Montesquieu and Jean-Jacques Rousseau, both paved the way for the French and other Enlightenment revolutions during the 18th and 19th centuries. Although neither of the men sawRead MoreThe And The French Revolution1419 Words   |  6 Pagesthe romantic ideals of individualism, nature, physical and emotional passion and an interest in the mysteries of the world. Where did these ideals of Romanticism begin? Taking a look back into the 17th century, there was another inte llectual movement that changed society, culture and politics. The Enlightenment was a time period lasting throughout the 18th century which brought about the Age of Reason in which politics, philosophy, and science dominated in Europe. The philosophies of the EnlightenmentRead MoreIntroduction. Islam And Medieval Christianity Have Had1229 Words   |  5 Pagesfallen nature. These two religions are one two of the largest religions across the world and impact billions of people. Some individuals in both religions view each other as infidels and the only recourse is to remove them from the society at large. The warring nature of these two Abrahamic religions allowed for them to develop in differing ways in Western and Eastern Europe. The growth of Islamic during the 600s to the 1500s made changes to Christianity by making the Pope a powerful political rulerRead MoreThe History of Politics Essay1469 Words   |  6 PagesMany people ponder the nature of politics. Politics is an art, a way of thinking, and a public, idealistic profession, though it is sometimes succumbs to corruption and a lack of ideals, that often changes the course of world events. Mortals of reason and influence express their ideas in order to form or reform a group’s policy. In democratic society, the populous is able express and apply their inherent views into an arena that beholds a battle for the consensus. However, the premise of the peopleRead MoreOrigins Of The Twin Revolutions1287 Words   |  6 Pagesof transition from traditional to modern society. â€Å"Formation of a modern political map of the world began in early 1800 in Western Europe and maybe characterized as the product of the twin revolutions.† European colonization of the New World, the economic and political development of new territories led to significant changes in the political map. Modernity it is a complex of multi-faceted process that took a place in Europe during the 18th century and had covered all aspects of society. The modernityRead MorePolitical Roles During The French Revolution Essay1593 Words   |  7 Pageswhen women’s clubs and political associations formed during this period was notable for its capabilities to promulgate political enfranchisement for women. In this essay, I would discuss in-depth the banning of women’s clubs and political associations during the French Revolution from 1789 to 1799. I would be focusing on the political roles women undertook during the Revolution, and the reasons for the subsequent denial of women’s political participation. Why is women’s political participation importantRead MoreThe Transition Of Medieval Western Civilization970 Words   |  4 Pagescivilization to the Modern Age placed Western Europe in a position of global, political, and technological dominance and most importantly gave rise to the core of western thought: humanism and individualism. This hallmark thought however, would be nonexistent without the arts. The arts and artists of the Renaissance period and the Enlightenment reflect the prevailing values of not only Western Europe but in fact the Western world as a whole. Prior to the Renaissance, Europe was lost in the Middle Ages, situatingRead MoreThe European Union : The New Era Of Integration1744 Words   |  7 Pagesthe new era of integration efforts in the post-modern world. Europe is the recipient of global admiration as a prime destination for travelers who seek luxury, elegance, varying cultural experiences, and immersed in ancient history. European integration has pro duced the almighty EU that is considered to be one of the most respected, notarized, stable and secure intergovernmental and supranational bodies in the world. The appeal of Europe has reached an all time high as increasing global instabilityRead MoreRenaissance and Political System1193 Words   |  5 PagesRenaissance and Political Institutions Name: Instructor’s Name: Class: Date: Introduction Renaissance is a French term meaning rebirth or revival. Renaissance period in the history of Europe starts from the beginning of 15th century to the end of 16th century. The Renaissance manifested the transitional phase from the medieval ages to the modern era. It was a time of social and cultural changes in Europe. It is believed to be the beginning of the modern world and hence the new phase of the

Microeconomics Research Paper - 1617 Words

Nicholas Benyola Professor Mansourian Econ 201- 25 17 May 2012 Microeconomics Research Paper Minimum Wage In the United States, minimum wage has remained at a low number for several years. Minimum wage is defined as the lowest possible income that an employer can legally pay an employee. This ensures that all people are fairly paid and not defrauded by companies or businesses. Minimum wage is considered a price floor and the minimum wage laws determine the lowest price possible that any employer must pay for labor. In an economic model, the quantity of supplied is greater than the quantity demanded and the minimum wage is above equilibrium price and quantity. Minimum wage prevents labor supplied and labor demanded from moving†¦show more content†¦This is a true statement, but opposition says that this only drives up the standard of living and inflation rate in the world. Inflation is defined as the overall general upward price movement of goods and services in an economy. Although some people who earn the minimum wage are teenagers, almost two-thirds are adults. The average min imum wage worker brings home about half of his familys earnings. Increasing the minimum wage will help these workers to make up for lost ground due to inflation and it will help make work pay. Though inflation is one of the main problems in our economy and even though inflation and minimum wage are directly related, increasing minimum wage will give opportunity for a lot of lower class families to make enough to afford important things, such as insurance. If someone takes a trip to the doctor, with no insurance, they will most likely have to pay around eight- hundred dollars out of pocket. This would take anyone at least three months on minimum wage with two incomes to pay off these medical bills. Barak Obama’s plan to institute a health care plan for everyone will relieve a huge burden on people and also allow them to stay above the poverty line. Heidi Shierholz, an economist at the Economic Policy Institute says, â€Å"Jacking the federal minimum wage from $7.25 to $8.25 w ould give a raise to 10 million workers, including many currently earning their stateShow MoreRelatedEco 201 Final Project (Selected Topic Is Ford Motor Company)988 Words   |  4 PagesBuy: http://hwcampus.com/shop/eco-201-final-project/ ECO 201 Final Project Guidelines and Rubric Overview The final project for this course is the creation of a research paper. Every day, millions of economic choices are made by people—from what brand of soap to buy to how many employees to hire for a factory. 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Remember to use suggestionsRead MoreThe Effects Of Minimum Wage From A Microeconomic Perspective1640 Words   |  7 Pages The Effects of Minimum Wage from a Microeconomic Perspective Nathaniel Fishburne Embry-Riddle Aeronautical University Introduction The first minimum wage law was implemented in New Zealand and Australia in the late 1900s. In 1940s, George J. Stigler founded the first standard model of minimum wage. The model predicts that the if â€Å"minimum wage system is set above equilibrium wage level, it would create unemployment because some previously employed workers will lose their jobs whileRead MoreThe Effect Of Macroeconomic Shifts On The Ridge Tool Company Essay982 Words   |  4 Pagesthe most impact are consumer wealth, resource costs and expectations. First the variables will be defined, then they will be analyzed using a historic perspective against ridge tool’s financial statements, and finally, we will be comparing to prior research to note any similarities to micro economic impacts. Macroeconomic variables have a large impact on a company’s performance and on our outlook as citizens. Before looking at past shifts, let us examine the variables and their impact on the economyRead MoreSwot Analy sis : Keurig Green Mountain Essay935 Words   |  4 PagesIntroduction The latest Hoover’s market research and analysis indicate the coffee and tea are forecast to grow at an annual compounded rate of three percent. Keurig Green Mountain is the third largest manufacturer and distributor of coffee and coffee related products behind both Starbucks and Nestle. A survey conducted by the National Coffee Association confirms thirteen percent of people drink a single cup brewed coffee and accounts for $4.3 billion in sales (Oatman, 2014). To capture furtherRead MoreEcon Tutorial812 Words   |  4 PagesUNIVERSITY OF TECHNOLOGY, JAMAICA SCHOOL OF BUSINESS ADMINSTRATION ECO 1001: INTRODUCTION TO MICROECONOMICS TUTORIAL #1 1. Which of the following is the best definition of economics? a) The study of how individuals and societies choose to use the scarce resources that nature and previous generations have provided. b) The study of how consumers spend their income. c) The study of how business firms decide what inputs to hire and what outputs to produce. d) TheRead MoreEconomic Theory1225 Words   |  5 PagesAmerican University Author Note This paper was prepared for ECN 150, Introduction to Microeconomics, Module 2 Homework Assignment taught by Nikki Follis. Part I After reading the two articles in Modules 1 and 2 related to Economic Theory (first,â€Å"How Did Economists Get It So Wrong† and second, â€Å"History of Economics Playground†), reconstruct what happened from 2006 through 2012 as it relates to microeconomic theory. Was there too much focus on the macro climateRead MoreEconomics : The Financing Of Health Care1379 Words   |  6 Pagesevolving on a major substantial evolution from its organization, management structure, and payment structure. The economic component of healthcare is equally important to better understanding the order to structure stature and is very successful. In this paper will be discussed the evolution of economics and the healthcare system and the healthcare funding timeline of structure. History and Evolution In 1865 the Freedmen’s Bureau started the first construction of healthcare reform. The government constructedRead MoreThe Effects Of Minimum Wage From A Microeconomic Perspective1670 Words   |  7 Pages The Effects Of Minimum Wage From A Microeconomic Perspective Nathaniel Fishburne Embry-Riddle Aeronautical University Introduction The first minimum wage law was implemented in New Zealand and Australia in the late 1900s. In 1940s, George J. Stigler founded the first standard model of minimum wage. The model predicts that the minimum wage system. It set above equilibrium wage level, would create unemployment because some previously employed labors lose their jobs while some find itRead MoreMeasuring Price Sensitivity And The Macroeconomic Environment Essay1625 Words   |  7 Pagesstudies detailing the relationships and microeconomic factors between price sensitivity and the macroeconomic environment. This report explored each category listed below, as businesses, in particular, XYZ Company, must use microeconomic principles to make and validate decisions based on the following factors: price elasticity, consumer choices, production and costs, supply and demand, aggregate supply and aggregate demand, and macroeconomic measurements. Microeconomic principles aligned with macroeconomics

SPR Based Fiber Optic Sensor Free Essays

SPR Based Fiber Optic Sensor Utilizing Thin Film of Nickel Kruti Shah and Navneet K. Sharma Department of Physics and Materials Science and Engineering, Jaypee Institute of Information Technology, A-10, Sector-62, Noida-201307, India Corresponding author: navneetk.sharma@jiit. We will write a custom essay sample on SPR Based Fiber Optic Sensor or any similar topic only for you Order Now ac.in Abstract. Fiber optic sensor based on surface plasmon resonance, employing thin film of nickel is presented analytically. Increase in thickness of nickel film results in the enhancement of sensitivity of the sensor. SPR Sensor supported by large thickness of nickel film possesses maximum sensitivity. INTRODUCTION Surface plasmon resonance i.e. SPR principle has been an important sensing method since last thirty years. In the beginning, chemical sensing utilizing SPR is demonstrated by Liedberg et al. [1]. Collective resonating oscillations of free electrons survive on metal layer. It produces charge density wave moving along the metal layer. This charge density wave is transverse wave in nature and is identified as surface plasmon wave. Surface plasmon wave is excited by incident p-polarized light. For examining surface plasmon resonance, Kretschmann geometry is exercised [2, 3]. Optical fiber based SPR sensors offer many advantages than prism based SPR sensors [4-6]. In the past, lot of research is conducted on optical fiber based SPR sensors [7-10]. In recent times, nickel (Ni) is shown to exhibit sensing relevance because of its excellent magneto optical merits [11]. Apart from this, Ni is chemically inactive and the cost of Ni is lower than that of noble metals. Hence, the use of Ni instead of noble metals decreases the price of SPR sensor. Current study discusses a SPR based fiber optic sensor utilizing thin film of Ni. Effect of thickness of Ni film on the sensitivity of SPR sensor is illustrated. Sensitivity is enhanced with the increase in the thickness of Ni film. THEORY Sensing system of the sensor contains fiber core-Ni layer-sample medium. Plastic cladding about the core from the central part of step index multimode PCS fiber is eradicated and is covered with thin layer of Ni. This layer of Ni is ultimately enclosed by the sample medium. Incident light from a white light source is allowed to enter into one end of the optical fiber and the transmitted light is noticed at the opposite end of the optical fiber. The core of optical fiber is formed by fused silica. Refractive index of fused silica alters with wavelength as, 23 22322 22221 22111b ab ab a) ( n? +? +? + = (1) Here, ? is the wavelength of incident light in  µm and a1, a2, a3, b1, b2 and b3 are Sellmeier coefficients. The values of coefficients, used in (1) are specified as, a1 = 0.6961663, a2 = 0.4079426, a3 = 0.8974794, b1 = 0.0684043  µm, b2 = 0.1162414  µm and b3 = 9.896161  µm [12]. The dielectric constant of a metal can be mentioned as, ) ( 1 ) (22? ? ? ? ?i ic pcmi mr m+ ? = + = (2) Where, ?p and ?c are plasma and collision wavelengths of the metal respectively. For, Ni: p?= 2.5381 x 10-7 m andc?= 2.8409 x 10-5 m. Also, the dielectric constant of sample medium is written as,2s sn =? where, sn is refractive index of the sample medium. Resonance condition for the surface plasmon wave is written as, } K Re{ sin nsp=12 (3) Here, 2 22s ms ms ms mspn nc K+ =+ =? is the wave vector of surface plasmon wave and c is the velocity of light in vacuum. Reflection coefficient of p-polarized light is calculated by using matrix method [13]. Normalized transmitted power from the sensor is computed as [14]. Further, the sensitivity of sensor can be described as change in resonance wavelength per unit change in refractive index of sample medium [15]. RESULTS AND DISCUSSION For simulation, refractive index of sample medium is presumed to be altered from 1.33 to 1.37. Values of various parameters used are mentioned as; fiber’s numerical aperture = 0.24, core diameter of fiber = 600  µm and exposed sensing region length = 15 mm. Transmitted power from the sensor is measured for different thicknesses (20 nm-80 nm) of Ni layer and consequent resonance wavelengths are measured. Resonance wavelengths for different thicknesses increase linearly with increase in the refractive index of the sample medium. 20 40 60 80 0 15003000 4500 6000 7500Sensitivity (nm/RIU)Thickness of Ni layer (nm) FIGURE 1. Variation of sensitivity with thickness of Ni layer. Figure 1 represents the variation of sensitivity with Ni layer thickness. Ni layer thickness is increased from 20 nm to 80 nm. Sensitivity is enlarged with increase in Ni layer thickness. The reason for this enhancement in sensitivity is ascribed to high value of real part of dielectric constant of Ni. Therefore for a fixed change in refractive index of sample medium, Ni enhances the shift between resonance wavelengths. This results in enhanced sensitivity of sensor with increase in Ni layer thickness. Thus, large Ni layer thickness leads in high sensitivity of SPR based sensor.CONCLUSIONS Theoretical analysis of SPR based fiber optic sensor with thin layer of Ni is carried out. Sensitivity of SPR based sensor is enlarged with increase in Ni layer thickness. In order to achieve highest sensitivity of the sensor, large thickness of Ni layer is advised. ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS Navneet K. Sharma wishes to thank Defence Research ; Development Organization (DRDO), India for the financial grant provided through the project number ERIP/ER/DG-ECS/990116205/M/01/1687. REFERENCES B. Liedberg, C. Nylander and I. Sundstrom, Sens. Actuat. B 4, 299-304 (1983). R. D. Harris and J. S. Wilkinson, Sens. Actuat. B 29, 261-267 (1995). E. Kretschmann and H. Reather, Zeits. Natur. 23, 2135-2136 (1968). J. Homola, Sens. Actuat. B 29, 401-405 (1995). 5. W. B. Lin, N. Jaffrezic-Renault, A. Gagnaire and H. Gagnaire, Sens. Actuat. A 84, 198-204 (2000). A. K. Sharma and B. D. Gupta, Sens. Actuat. B 100, 423-431 (2004). S. Singh, S. K. Mishra and B. D. Gupta, Sens. Actuat. A 193, 136-140 (2013). N. K. Sharma, M. Rani, and V. Sajal, Sens. Actuat. B 188, 326-333 (2013). S. Shukla, M. Rani, N. K. Sharma and V. Sajal, Opt. 126, 4636-4639 (2015). S. Shukla, N. K. Sharma and V. Sajal, Sens. Actuat. B 206, 463-470 (2015). S. Shukla, N. K. Sharma and V. Sajal, Braz. J. Phy. 46, 288-293 (2016). A. K. Ghatak and K. Thyagarajan, An Introduction To Fiber Optics(Cambridge University Press, Cambridge, 1999), pp. 82-83. K. Sharma and B. D. Gupta, J. Appl. Phys. 101, 093111 (2007). B. D. Gupta, A. Sharma and C. D. Singh, Int. J. Optoelectron. 8, 409-418 (1993). 15. A. K. Sharma and B. D. Gupta, Opt. Commun. 245, 159-169 (2005). How to cite SPR Based Fiber Optic Sensor, Papers

Until They Bring the Streetcars Back free essay sample

Love is a Silver Lining What is love? Often enough, as a hormone-struck teenager, I am lectured on what love is not. According to my mother, father, grandmother, aunts, uncles, and every adult figure that has ever made a guest-star appearance in the long-winded romance novel that is my life, love is NOT the warm cuddly feeling I get when I see a cute boy at school. Love is NOT holding hands on the playground; is not caring an abnormal amount for a favorite pair of shoes. I feel as though a vast amount of time is spent describing the negative space of a person’s heart, and not long enough spent defining its shape. Although Pastor Ostrum follows suit with his anti-definition of what love is not, he definitely strikes a chord in my heart when he says that â€Å"love is not something we wait to have happen to us, but something we do. We will write a custom essay sample on Until They Bring the Streetcars Back or any similar topic specifically for you Do Not WasteYour Time HIRE WRITER Only 13.90 / page † Many might disagree, might argue that love is a two-way street; that in order to give we must first receive. However, in the novel â€Å"Until They Bring the Streetcars Back,† by Stanley Gordon West, Cal Gant demonstrates this principle of giving time and time again. If love is not something you say, but something you do, then how many acts of loving go unnoticed throughout a day? It seems that the simplest actions, such as waving hello to an elderly couple on the street, can be the most sentimental. This theme plays out in Until They Bring the Streetcars Back, through Cal’s kindness and blind compassion. Despite his own hesitation and fear, and despite his family’s well-worn advice to â€Å"leave well-enough alone,† Cal fights tooth and nail to better Gretchen’s life. Whether he is giving her a baby-doll to hold on to, or a Nut Goodie to liven her spirits, or merely listening to her cry, Cal makes his best effort to be a friend to the friendless. He finds himself mixed into a blender of emotional turmoil as he enters a world of abuse and terror unimaginable to a seventeen year old boy. Still, he is relentless, stealing liquor—endangering his own life—to free Gretchen, a girl he hardly knows. Without thinking, Cal gives and gives, regardless to what may happen to him. He expects nothing in return for his kindness, and presents a lonely girl with a gift he wasn’t aware he was giving: love. Assuming that Pastor Ostrum’s theory is correct, then no one ever makes a conscious decision to love. Love is a reflex. Love is deaf, and blind to external pressures to do one thing or another. As a person learns the shape of their heart, they also find what lies within it. Is there strength enough to face the faceless? In Cal’s case, there was. Unknowingly, Cal’s heart became a home to Gretchen; she found shelter and refuge within walls built of compassion. And in the worst of times, when Cal searched himself for the strength to decide if he had love enough to follow through, he found her. Love is not a mere four letter word. Love is not the warmth of a hand in your own, or fingers laced through yours. Love is the decision to hold that hand through thick and thin. Love is the silver lining that holds us together during times of hardship. What is love? Love cannot be defined by â€Å"is-nots,† and â€Å"cannots. † Love is defined by actions. Love is giving, is kind, is picking up litter. Love is donating to charity. Love is listening to a friend. Love definitely is NOT leaving well- enough alone.